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Title:	Uporaba fosforja v oboroženih spopadih iz vidika mednarodnega humanitarnega prava : zaključna naloga
Authors:	Jelenko, Tomaž (Author) Bitenc, Drago (Mentor) More about this mentor... Potočnik, Gregor (Co-mentor)
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Final paper
Organization:	ŠČ - Officer Candidate School
Abstract:	Uporaba belega fosforja v sodobnih spopadih, zlasti v Iraku leta 2004 in v Gazi v začetku leta 2009, je zbudila veliko pozornost mednarodne javnosti in medijev. V strokovni javnosti se je pojavilo vprašanje, ali je uporaba fosforja kot bojne substance legalna z vidika prava oboroženih spopadov in mednarodnega humanitarnega prava ter ali je njegova uporaba še smotrna z vidika doseženega učinka glede na povzročeno postransko škodo. Sodobni oboroženi spopadi se namreč vse bolj pomikajo v urbana območja, kar predstavlja nesorazmerno tveganje za civilno prebivalstvo. To terja od poveljnikov, da v svojih odločitvah o uporabi bojnih sredstev upoštevajo vse možne implikacije le teh ter zmanjšajo ogrožanje civilnega prebivalstva, ki niudeleženo v spopadih. Fosfor kot dimna bojna polnitev ni neposredno prepovedan ne s Konvencijo o kemičnem orožju iz leta 1993 ne s Konvencijo o omejevanju uporabe nekaterih vrst konvencionalne oborožitve iz leta 1980 ali njenim protokolom o omejevanju uporabe zažigalnega orožja. Uporaba fosfornih polnitev pa predstavlja kršitev mednarodnega humanitarnega prava, če vojaški poveljnik izrabi njegov zažigalni učinek brezobzirno v neposredni bližini gosto poseljenega civilnega območja.
Keywords:	beli fosfor, dimne bojne polnitve, mednarodno humanitarno pravo, zažigalno orožje, sodobni oboroženi spopadi
Year of publishing:	2009
Publisher:	[T. Jelenko]
Source:	Maribor
UDC:	341.3:355.422
COBISS_ID:	3730126
Note:	Sistemske zahteve: pregledovalnik pdf in .doc bralnik
Views:	8811
Downloads:	101
Files:	RAZ_Jelenko_Tomaz_i2009.pdf (461,37 KB)
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Secondary language

Language:	English
Abstract:	The use of white phosphorus in recent armed conflicts, as seen in Iraq in 2004 and in Gaza in 2009, produced considerable international response among the public and media. A polemic emerged among many experts concerning the legality of white phosphorus use according to international humanitarian law and the rationale of its military efficiency compared to the potential collateral damage. As modern armed conflicts often involve urban terrain, their effects present an increasing danger to the civilian population. Phosphorus as a combat obscurant is not illegal per se, according to the 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention or the 1980 Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons and its Protocol on limitation of the use of incendiary weapons. However, the use of phosphorus as a battle substance represents a breach of international humanitarian law when the incendiary effects of phosphorus are exploited indiscriminately in the vicinity of a densely populated civilian area.
Keywords:	white phosphorus, obscurants, international humanitarian law, incendiaries, modern armed conflicts

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