Keywords: varnost, covid-19, krizni menedžment, država, upravljanje množic
Published: 03.12.2021; Views: 2585; Downloads: 19
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Abstract: This paper argues that incremental steps, beginning with the institutional set-up framed by the Lisbon Treaty in 2009, through the adoption of the EU Global Strategy in 2016, to recent policy initiatives, endorsed mechanisms and their implementation in the field of defence, are paving the way towards its communitarization. The political will of Member States could be gradually generated through experience, through a number of policy initiatives and their successful implementation, and through the awareness of the contemporary geopolitical changes with traditional and new security threats. The process of communitarization is dependent on the Member Statesʼ political will, and could eventually lead towards building a European Defence Union.
Keywords: defence policy, European Union, communitarization
Published: 19.10.2021; Views: 2716; Downloads: 33
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Abstract: The European Union is an international actor which makes a contribution to increasing the level of security in the world. It is currently carrying out 11 civilian and 6 military missions and operations, deploying approximately 5,000 personnel. Although over the years it has adapted its mechanisms and instruments based on learning by doing, in recent times, deepened by the pandemic crisis, the attention of the Member States has shifted inwards. As a result, the European Union now faces a major challenge to define its security role.
Keywords: European Union, crisis management, missions, operations, security, peace
Published: 18.10.2021; Views: 2793; Downloads: 17
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Abstract: The European post-Cold War order was based on a pan-European consensus that democracy was the only source of legitimacy % until the Kremlin opposed the realization of a Europe whole, free and at peace with itself. There has been a paradigm change from cooperation to systemic competition. Russian revisionism poses the greatest security threat to Europe. The nature of the threat was realized rather late. The assault on the post-Cold War order was not just a classic war, which relies on hard power; instead, the war also took place in the cognitive sphere, which represents a particular challenge for open, democratic societies. Furthermore, it was also a normative assault. An effective response requires a mental shift and the strengthening of cognitive resilience as well as solidarity as the key foundations of security.
Keywords: cognitive resilience, European Union, information warfare, normative conflict, revisionist power
Published: 18.10.2021; Views: 2860; Downloads: 34
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Abstract: Twenty-two years after the EC meeting in Cologne where the CSDP came to life, we still cannot talk about a fully functional and operational CSDP. This article reflects on PESCO, CARD, the CDP and the EDF, and on some of the main issues in the European defence landscape today, which continues to be fragmented and lacks coherence in several aspects. Member States are still investing more in non-EU frameworks such as NATO, and still retain a national focus in their defence planning, showing very little discipline in meeting the commitments that they have undertaken. The question arises of what a small state can achieve in the current European architecture, if anything. The role of the small state is reflected through the Presidency of the European Council.
Published: 18.10.2021; Views: 2415; Downloads: 14
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